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3.11.4 Calorific values of solid, liquid and gaseous
fuels
By custom the basic calorific value for solid and liquid
fuels is the gross calorific value at constant volume and for gaseous fuels it
is the gross calorific value at constant pressure. The word ‘gross’
here signifies that the water formed and liberated during combustion is in the
liquid phase. The values given are approximate because many of the substances
listed are not well defined. The calorific values of pure substances can be
calculated from information in Section 3.10. More detailed information on
technical fuels can be found in J. W. Rose and J. R. Cooper (eds) (1977)
Technical Data on Fuel, 7th edn, British National Committee, World
Energy Conference, London.
Calorific values of solid, liquid and gaseous
fuels
|
Solid and liquid fuels |
Gross calorific value/ MJ
kg−1 |
|
Alcohols
Ethanol |
30
|
|
Methanol |
23 |
| |
|
|
Coal and coal products
Anthracite (4% water) |
36
|
|
Coal tar fuels |
36–41 |
|
General purpose coal (5–10%
water) |
32–42 |
|
High-volatile coking coals (4%
water) |
35 |
|
Low temperature coke (15%
water) |
26 |
|
Medium-volatile coking coal (1%
water) |
37 |
|
Steam coal (1% water) |
36 |
| |
|
|
Peat
Peat (20%
water) |
16 |
| |
|
|
Petroleum and petroleum products
Diesel fuel |
46 |
|
Gas oil |
46 |
|
Heavy fuel oil |
43 |
|
Kerosine |
47 |
|
Light distillate |
48 |
|
Light fuel oil |
44 |
|
Medium fuel oil |
43 |
|
Petrol |
44.8–46.9 |
| |
|
|
Wood
Wood (15%
water) |
16 |
| |
|
|
Gaseous fuels at 15 °C, 101.325 kPa,
dry |
Gross calorific value/MJ m−
3 |
|
Coal gas coke oven (debenzolized) |
20 |
|
Coal gas continuous vertical retort (steaming) |
18 |
|
Coal gas low temperature |
34 |
|
Commercial butane |
118 |
|
Commercial propane |
94 |
|
North Sea gas natural |
39 |
|
Producer gas coal |
6 |
|
Producer gas coke |
5 |
|
Water gas carburetted |
19 |
|
Water gas blue |
11 |
| |
|
E.F.G. Herington
|
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