Properties of inorganic compounds 3.2



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3.2 Properties of inorganic compounds

Formula (including water of crystallization), melting and boiling temperatures, density and solubility

Abbreviations used are: a., acid; ac., acetic acid; acet., acetone; al., alcohol (ethanol); alk., alkali; anh., anhydrous; aq., aqueous; aq. reg., aqua regia; bz., benzene; c., cold; chl., chloroform; conc., concentrated; d., decomposes; dil., dilute; eth., ether; exp., explodes; fus., fused; h., hot; i., insoluble; me., methanol; pyr., pyridine; s., soluble; sb., sublimes; sl., slightly; slt., salts; tol., toluene; v., very; vac., vacuum; ∞, miscible in all proportions.

For the web edition, this table has been divided into four parts, alphabetically by full name of element:

Part 1: Aluminium - Chlorine

Part 2: Chromium - Lithium

Part 3: Magnesium - Selenium (this page)

Part 4: Silicon - Zirconium

Part 3: Magnesium - Selenium

Mg | Mn | Hg | Mo | Nd | Ni | Nb | N | Os | O | Pd | P | Pt | K | Pr | Ra | Re | Rh | Rb | Ru | Sm | Sc | Se |

Inorganic compounds

Compound

θ_m/°C

θ_b/°C

ρ/(kg m⁻³)

Solubility

Cold water

Hot water

Other solvents

| Top |

Magnesium
Acetate,
Mg(C₂H₃O₂)₂.4H₂O

—

1454

v. s.

v. s. al.

Bromide, MgBr₂

710

1280

3720/25

101/25

125

s. HBr., al., acet.

Carbonate, MgCO₃

d. 350

− CO₂/900

2958

0.006

sl. s.

s. a.

Chloride, MgCl₂.6H₂O

d. 117

—

1569

v. s. al.

,, , MgCl₂

708

1412

2320

s. al.

Fluoride, MgF₂

1260

2260

—

0.013/25

—

s. HNO₃; i. al.

Iodide, MgI₂

d. <637

—

4430/25

148/18

165

s. al., eth., NH₃

Nitrate,
Mg(NO₃)₂.6H₂O

d. 330

1636/25

72.7/25

253

s. al.

Nitride, Mg₃N₂

sb. 700 (vac.)

d. 800

2712/25

s. a.; i. al.

Oxide, MgO

2852

3600

3580/25

6 × 10^{− 4}/25

3 × 10^{− 5}

s. a., NH₄ slt.; i. al.

Perchlorate, Mg(ClO₄)₂

d. 251

—

2210/18

99/25

v. s.

s. al.; sl. s. eth.

Phosphate,
Mg₃(PO₄)₂.22H₂O

− 18H₂O/100

d. 200

1640/15

0.0065

—

d. a.

Sulphate, MgSO₄

d. 1124

—

2660

33.7

73.8

s. al., eth.; i. acet.

| Top |

Manganese
(II) Carbonate, MnCO₃

—

3125

v. sl. s.

s. dil. a.; i. al.

(II) Chloride, MnCl₂

650

1190

2977/25

123.8

s. al.; i. eth.

(II) Fluoride, MnF₂

856

—

3980

0.66/40

0.48

s. a.; i. al., eth.

(II) Iodide, MnI₂

d. 80

sb. 500 (vac.)

5000/1

sl. s. NH₃

(II) Nitrate,
Mn(NO₃)₂.4H₂O

129

1820

132

499/75

v. s. al.

(II) Oxide, MnO

—

5450

s. a., NH₄Cl

(III) ,, , Mn₂O₃

− O/1080

—

4500

s. a.

(IV) ,, , MnO₂

− O/535

—

5026

s. HCl; i. HNO₃

(II) Sulphate, MnSO₄

700

d. 850

3250

62.9

70/70

s. al.; i. eth.

(III) ,, , Mn₂(SO₄)₃

d. 160

—

3240

s. HCl, dil. H₂SO₄

(II) Sulphide, MnS

—

3990

4.7 × 10^{− 4}/18

—

s. dil a., al.

| Top |

Mercury
(I) Bromide, Hg₂Br₂

sb. 345

—

7307

4 × 10^{− 6}/26

v. sl. s.

s. a.; i. al., acet.

(II) ,, , HgBr₂

236

322

6109/25

0.55

4.0

s. al.; v. sl. s. eth.

(I) Chloride, Hg₂Cl₂

sb. 400

—

7150

2 × 10^{− 4}

0.001/43

s. aq. reg.; sl. s. h.
HNO₃, HCl; i. al.

(II) ,, , HgCl₂

276

302

5440/25

6.9

v. s. al.; s. eth., ac.

(II) Cyanide, Hg(CN)₂

—

3996

11.2/25

s. al., NH₃; i. bz..

(II) Fluoride, Hg₂F₂

570

8730/15

—

(I) ,, , HgF₂

d. 645

—

8950/15

—

s. HF, dil. HNO₃

(I) Iodide, Hg₂I₂

sb. 140

—

7700

v. sl. s.

—

s. KI, NH₄OH; i. al.,
eth.

(II) ,, , HgI₂

259

354

6360/25

5.4 × 10^{− 3}/22

sl. s.

s. al., eth.

(II) Nitrate,
Hg(NO₃)₂· H₂O

4390

v. s.

s. HNO₃, acet.; i. al.

(I) Oxide, Hg₂O

d. 100

—

9800

s. HNO₃

(II) ,, , HgO

d. 500

—

11100/4

5.3 × 10^{− 3}/25

0.039

s. a.; i. al., eth., alk.

(I) Sulphate, Hg₂SO₄

—

7560

0.06/25

0.09

s. H₂SO₄, HNO₃

(II) ,, , HgSO₄

—

6470

—

s. a.; i. al., acet.

(II) Sulphide, HgS (α)

sb. 583

—

8100

1 × 10^{− 6}/18

—

s. aq. reg.; i. al., HNO₃

| Top |

Molybdenum
(V) Chloride, MoCl₅

194

268

2928

s. conc. a., chl.; s. d. al.

(VI) Fluoride, MoF₆

2550/18

s. d.

s. NH₄OH, alk.

(VI) Oxide, MoO₃

795

sb. 1155

4692

0.18/23

2.05/70

s. HF, H₂SO₄,
NH₄OH

(III) Sulphide, Mo₂S₃

d. 1100

—

5910/15

—

i. conc. HCl; d. h.
HNO₃

(IV) Sulphide, MoS₂

1185

—

4800/14

s. aq. reg., h. H₂SO₄,
HNO₃; i. dil. a.

| Top |

Neodymium
Chloride, NdCl₃

784

1600

4134/25

140

s. al.; i. eth., chl.

Fluoride, NdF₃

1410

2300

—

Oxide, Nd₂O₃

1900

—

7240

1.9 × 10^{− 4}/29

0.003/75

s. HCl

Sulphate,
Nd₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O

1176

—

2850

7.1

1.2

—

| Top |

Nickel
Bromide, NiBr₂

963

—

5098/27

113/0

155

s. al., eth., NH₄OH

Carbonyl, Ni(CO)₄

− 25

42.2

1320/17

0.018/9.8

—

s. HNO₃, aq. reg., al.,
eth.; i. dil. a./alk.

Chloride, NiCl₂

—

sb. 972

3550

s. al., NH₄OH

Fluoride, NiF₂

sb. 1000 (HF)

—

4630

2.56

2.58/90

s. a., alk., eth., NH₃

Iodide, NiI₂

797

—

5834

124/0

188

s. al.

Nitrate, Ni(NO₃)₂.6H₂O

56.7

136.7

2050

94.2

238

s. al., NH₄OH

Oxide, NiO

1990

—

6670

s. a., NH₄OH

Sulphate, NiSO₄.6H₂O

− 6H₂O/103

—

2070

v. s. al., NH₄OH

Sulphide, NiS

797

—

5500

3.6 × 10^{− 4}/18

—

s. aq. reg., HNO₃

| Top |

Niobium
(V) Bromide, NbBr₅

265

362

—

s. al.

(V) Chloride, NbCl₅

205

254

2750

—

s. al., HCl, CCl₄

(V) Fluoride, NbF₅

236

3293

—

s. HNO₃, al.; sl. s.
chl., CS₂

(II) Oxide, mon-, NbO

1940

—

7300

s. HCl, H₂SO₄, alk.; i.
HNO₃

(V) ,, , pent-, Nb₂O₅

1480

—

4470

s. HF, alk.; i. a.

| Top |

Nitrogen

Chloride, tri-, NCl₃

− 40

71, exp.

1653

s. chl., bz., CCl₄, CS₂

Fluoride, tri, NF₃

− 207

− 129

1537/− 129

v. sl. s.

—

Hydrazine, N₂H₄

1.5

113.5

1.01/15

∞

s. al.

,, , hydrate,
N₂H₄.H₂O

− 40

118

1030

∞

s. al.; i. eth., chl.

Hydrazine sulphate,
N₂H₄.H₂SO₄

254

—

1370

2.9

14.4/80

i. al.

Hydroxylamine, NH₂OH

33.1

1200

s. a., al.; v. sl. s. eth.,
chl., bz.

    Hydroxylamine
        hydrochloride,
        NH₂OH.HCl

151

1670/17

94.4/25

356/98

s. al.; i. eth.

    Nitrosonium
        tetrafluoroborate,
        NOBF₄

sb. 250/0.01

—

2185/25

—

sl. s. SO₂

Torr

Oxide, (ous), N₂O

− 90.8

− 88.5

—

1.3/0(A)

0.57/25(A)

s. al., eth., H₂SO₄

,, , (ic), NO

− 163.6

− 151.8

1269/ − 150

7.1 × 10^−
2/0(A)

2.9 × 10^−
2/60(A)

s. aq. FeSO₄, CS₂;
sl. s. H₂SO₄

,, , tri-, N₂O₃

− 102

d. 3.5

1447/2

s. alk., a., eth.

,, , di-, NO₂

− 11.2

21.1

1449

s. d.

—

s. alk., CS₂, chl.

,, , penta-, N₂O₅

d. 47

1642/18

s. chl.

Oxychloride, NOCl

− 64.5

− 6.4

1417/12

s. fuming H₂SO₄

| Top |

Osmium

(VI) Fluoride, OsF₆

32.1

45.9

—

(VIII) Oxide, OsO₄

39.5

130

4906/22

6.4

v. s. CCl₄; s. al., eth.

| Top |

Oxygen

Fluoride, di-, OF₂

− 223.8

−144.8

1900/ − 223.8

sl. s., d.

—

sl. s. a., alk.

Ozone, O₃

− 192.7

− 110.51

1614/ − 195.4

0.49/0(A)

—

s. alk., oils

| Top |

Palladium

Chloride, PdCl₂

d. 500

—

4000/18

s. HCl, acet.

Nitrate, Pd(NO₃)₂

870

—

s. d.

—

s. HNO₃

Oxide, PdO

870

—

8700

i. aq. reg.

| Top |

Phosphorus

Bromide, tri-, PBr₃

− 40

173

2852/15

s. eth., chl., CCl₄;
d. al.

Chloride, tri-, PCl₃

− 112

1574/21

s. eth., chl., CS₂, CCl₄

Chloride, penta-, PCl₅

sb. 162

—

1600

s. CCl₄, CS₂; d. a.

Fluoride, tri-, PF₃

− 151.5

− 101.5

—

s. al.; d. alk.

,, , penta-, PF₅

− 83

− 75

—

d. alk.

Hydride, PH₃

− 133

− 87.7

—

0.26/20(A)

—

Iodide, tri-, PI₃

4180

v. s. CS₂

Oxide, tri-, P₂O₃

23.8

174 (N₂)

2135

s. CS₂, eth., chl., bz.

,, , penta-, P₂O₅

sb. 358

—

2390

s. H₂SO₄; i. acet.

Oxychloride, POCl₃

105

1675

d. al., a.

Sulphide, penta-, P₂S₅

288

514

2030

s. alk.; sl. s. CS₂

Phosphoric acid, ortho-,
H₃PO₄

42.4

− H₂O/213

1834/18

548

v. s.

s. al.

Phosphorous acid, hypo,
H₃PO₂

26.5

d. 130

1493

v. s.

v. s. al., eth.

| Top |

Platinum

(II) Bromide, PtBr₂

d. 250

—

6650/25

s. HBr; i. al.

(IV) ,, , PtBr₄

d. 180

—

5690/25

0.41

sl. s.

v. s. al., eth., HBr

(II) Chloride, PtCl₂

d. 581 (Cl₂)

—

6050

v. sl. s.

—

s. HCl; i. al., eth.

(IV) ,, , PtCl₄

d. 370 (Cl₂)

—

4303/25

142/25

572/98

s. acet.; sl. s. al.,
NH₃; i, eth.

(IV) Oxide, PtO₂

450

—

10200

i. a., aq. reg.

| Top |

Potassium

Acetate, KC₂H₃O₂

292

—

1570/25

253

492/62

s. al.; i. eth., acet.

Aluminium sulphate,
KAl(SO₄)₂.12H₂O

− 9H₂O/65

− 12H₂O/200

1757

6.3

v. s.

s. dil. a.; i. al., acet.

Amide, KNH₂

335

—

s. NH₃; d. al.

Antimonyl tartrate,

KSbC₄H₄O₇.		H₂O

	1
	2

−	1	H₂O/100
	2

—

2607

8.1

—

i. al.

Azide, KN₃

350 (vac.)

—

2040

49.6/17

106

s. al.; i. eth.

Borohydride, KBH₄

d. 500

—

1178

19.3

v. s.

sl. s. al.; i. eth.

Bromate, KBrO₃

d. 370

—

3270/18

6.91

49.9

sl. sl. al; i. acet.

Bromide, KBr

734

1435

2750/25

104

sl. s. al., eth.

Carbonate, K₂CO₃

891

2428

111

156

i. al., acet.

Chlorate, KClO₃

356

d. 400

2320

7.3

56.3

s. aq. al., alk.

Chloride, KCl

770

1440

1984

34.2

56.3

s. alk., eth.; sl. s. al.

Chromate, K₂CrO₄

968

—

2732/18

62.7

80.1

i. al.

Citrate, K₃C₆H₅O₇.H₂O

d. 230

—

1980

148

—

sl. s. al.

Cyanide, KCN

634

—

1520/16

100

s. me.; sl. s. al.

Dichromate, K₂Cr₂O₇

398

d. 500

2676/25

12.2

102

i. al.

Dihydrogen phosphate,
KH₂PO₄

252.6

—

2338

22.4

83.4/90

i. al.

Ferricyanide,
K₃Fe(CN)₆

—

1850/25

48.8/25

77.5

s. acet.; i. al.

Ferrocyanide,
K₄Fe(CN)₆.3H₂O

− 3H₂O/70

1850/17

28.2

74.9

s. acet.; i. al., eth.

Fluoride, KF

860

1505

2480

150/80

s. HF; i. al.

Formate, KCHO₂

167

1910

331/18

657/80

s. al.; i. eth.

Hydride, KH

—

1470

i., eth., bz.; d. a.

Hydrogen carbonate,
KHCO₃

d. 100^~200

—

2170

22.4

60/60

i. al.

Hydrogen phthalate,
KHC₈H₄O₄

—

1636

11.4/25

—

Hydrogen sulphate
KHSO₄

214

2322

48.6

121.7

i. al.

Hydrogen dl- tartrate,
KHC₄H₄O₆

—

1954

0.54

6.9

s. a.; i. al.

Hydroxide, KOH

360

1320

2044

112

182

v. s. al.; i. eth.

Iodate, KIO₃

d. >100

—

3930/32

8.1

32.3

s. KI.; i. al.

Iodide, KI

680

1340

3130

144

208

s. al., acet., NH₃

Metabisulphite,
K₂S₂O₅

d. 190

—

2340

44.5

125/94

sl. s. al.

Nitrate, KNO₃

334

d. 400

2109/16

31.6

245

i. al., eth.

Nitrite, KNO₂

440

1915

307

413

v. s. NH₃; sl. s. al.

Oxalate, K₂C₂O₄.H₂O

− H₂O/100

—

2127/4

35.7

80.2

—

Oxide, mon-, K₂O

d. 350

—

2320/0

v. s., d.

s. al., eth.

,, , super-, KO₂

380

2140

v. s., d.

—

d. al.

Perchlorate, KClO₄

d. 400

—

2520/10

0.75/0

21.8

v. sl. s. al.; i. eth.

Periodate, KIO₄

− O/300

—

3618/15

0.5/25

6.8/97

v. sl. s. KOH

Permanganate, KMnO₄

d. <240

—

2703

6.3

25.3/65

v. s. me., acet.; s. a.

Persulphate, K₂S₂O₈

d. <100

—

2477

4.7

—

i. al.

Sulphate, K₂SO₄

1069

1689

2662

11.1

24.1

i. al., acet.

Sulphide, K₂S

840

—

1805/14

v. s.

s. al.; i. eth.

Tetrafluoroborate,
KBF₄

d. 350

—

2498

0.44

6.27

sl. s. al., eth.; i. alk.

Thiocyanate, KCNS

173

d. 500

1886/14

217

687

s. al., acet.

| Top |

Praseodymium
Chloride, PrCl₃

786

1700

4020/25

98.6/26

142/80

v. s. al.; i. eth., chl.

Sulphate,
Pr₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O

—

2827/13

12.6

1.02/96

—

| Top |

Radium
Bromide, RaBr₂

728

sb. 900

5790

70.6

s. al.

Chloride, RaCl₂

1000

—

4910

s. al.

Sulphate, RaSO₄

—

2 × 10^{− 6}

5 × 10^{− 6}

i. al.

| Top |

Rhenium
(IV) Fluoride, ReF₄

124.5

d. 500

5383/26

—

s. a.

(VI) ,, , ReF₆

6157

s. d.

—

(IV) Oxide, ReO₂

d. 1000

—

11400/25

s. conc. HCl, H₂O₂

(VII) Oxide, Re₂O₇

sb. 250

—

6103

v. s.

s. d.

v. s. al.; s. a., alk.

| Top |

Rhodium
Fluoride, RhF₃

sb. >600

—

5380

i. a., alk.

Oxide, Rh₂O₃

d. 1100^~1150

—

8200

i. aq. reg., alk.

| Top |

Rubidium
Bromide, RbBr

693

1340

3350

98/5

205/113

sl. s. acet.; i. al.

Carbonate, Rb₂CO₃

d. 740

—

450

sl. s. al.

Chloride, RbCl

715

1390

2800

91.1

138.9

sl. s. al., NH₃

Fluoride, RbF

795

1410

3557

130/18

—

s. dil. HF; i. al., eth.

Iodide, RbI

647

1300

3550

163/25

—

s. NH₃; sl. s. acet.

Nitrate, RbNO₃

310

—

3110

53.3

452

v. s. HNO₃; sl. s. acet.

Oxide, mon-, Rb₂O

d. 400

—

3720

s. d.

s. NH₃

,, , per-, Rb₂O₂

570

d. 1011

3650/0

—

Sulphate, Rb₂SO₄

1060

1700

3613

48.2

81.8

sl. s. NH₃; i. acet.

| Top |

Ruthenium
(III) Chloride, RuCl₃

d. > 500

—

3110

s. HCl; sl. s. al.; i. a.

(V) Fluoride, RuF₅

101

250

2963/16

—

(IV) Oxide, RuO₂

—

6970

i. a.

(VIII) ,, , RuO₄

d. 108

3290

2.03

2.25/74

s. a., alk., al., CCl₄

| Top |

Samarium
Chloride, SmCl₃

678

4460/18

93.4

100/50

v. s. al.; s. pyr.

Oxide, Sm₂O₃

—

8347

v. s. a., h. HF

Sulphate,
Sm₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O

− 8H₂O/450

—

2930

3.5/25

1.6/40

—

| Top |

Scandium
Chloride, ScCl₃

sb. 800^~850

—

2390/25

76/0

v. s.

i. al.

Oxide, Sc₂O₃

2485

—

3864

s. h. a.; sl. s. c. a.

Sulphate,
Sc₂(SO₄)₃.5H₂O

− 3H₂O/100

—

2519

10.3/25

v. s.

—

| Top |

Selenium
Bromide, mono-, Se₂Br₂

d. 227

—

3604/15

s. chl., CS₂; d. al.

Chloride, mono-, Se₂Cl₂

− 85

d. 130

2770/25

s. CS₂, chl, bz.; d. al.

,, , tetra-, SeCl₄

170^~96

d. 288

2600

s. POCl₃; i. al., CS₂

Hydride, SeH₂

− 60.4

− 41.5

2004/ − 41.5

0.038/4(A)

2.7/22(A)

s. CS₂

Oxide, di-, SeO₂

sb. 316

—

3950/15

39.4/16

82.5/65

s. al., acet., bz., ac.

Oxychloride, SeOCl₂

8.5

176.4

2420/22

s. CS₂, CCl₄, bz., chl.

Selenic acid, H₂SeO₄

d. 260

2950

1300/30

∞

s. H₂SO₄; i. NH₃; d. al.

Selenous acid, H₂SeO₃

d. 70/ − H₂O

—

3004/15

167

385/90

v. s. al.; i. NH₃

J.G.E.Phillips

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